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\title{Stat 185 - In class problems \\
\large Wednesday, September 27}
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\begin{enumerate}
	\item A study that 
        surveyed a random sample of otherwise healthy high school students found that 
        they are more likely to get muscle cramps when they are stressed. The study 
        also noted that students drink more coffee and sleep less when they are 
        stressed.
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item What type of study is this?
            \item Can this study be used to conclude a causal relationship between 
            increased stress and muscle cramps?
            \item State possible confounding variables that might explain the observed 
            relationship between increased stress and muscle cramps. 
        \end{enumerate}

        \item In another study evaluating the 
        relationship between stress and muscle cramps, half the subjects are randomly assigned to
        be exposed to increased stress by being placed into an elevator that falls rapidly and 
        stops abruptly and the other half are left at no or baseline stress.
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item What type of study is this?
            \item Can this study be used to conclude a causal relationship between increased stress 
        		and muscle cramps?
        \end{enumerate}

	\item A researcher is interested 
        in the effects of exercise on mental health and he proposes the following study: Use 
        stratified random sampling to ensure representative proportions of 18-30, 31-40 and 41-
        55 year olds from the population. Next, randomly assign half the subjects from each age 
        group to exercise twice a week, and instruct the rest not to exercise. Conduct a mental 
        health exam at the beginning and at the end of the study, and compare the results.
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item What type of study is this? 
            \item What are the treatment and control groups in this study?
            \item Does this study make use of blocking? If so, what is the blocking variable?
            % \item Does this study make use of blinding?
            \item Comment on whether or not the results of the study can be used to establish a 
            causal relationship between exercise and mental health, and indicate whether or not the 
            conclusions can be generalized to the population at large.
            % \item Suppose you are given the task of determining if this proposed study should get  funding. Would you have any reservations about the study proposal?
        \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}


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